אש קודש

סדר תשסו

 

One way ticket out of Egypt

5766

 

 

 

 

Who are you sitting near? How did you choose? Did you think about it?

 

Do you think you know the person you are sitting next to? You do not. You might have developed a portait of who they are, but that has more to do with you than with him or her.

 

Liberation from Pharaoh is not impacting if we still hold each other as slaves. Release each other from salvery to the portrait you have of them. Liberate them from your opinions and assumptions.

 

סדר

'The Order'

is actually not at all in order.

 

In fact, on almost every level, it is totally chaotic. Why do we do kiddush twice before eating any bread? Since when do we wash for vegetables? Why are we talking so much?

 

Rebbe Nachman writes about 'in order' and 'not in order'. In order is G-d's order. And G-d's order does not necessarily seem like order to us. It may well look like chaos.

 

So we try to set things in order according to our understanding - and as well we should. And we quite likely mess everything up in terms of G-d's order. This very arrogation of control - of needing to set the 'order' - is our destiny - for better and for worse.

 

Rebbe Nachman tells us that we must be constantly seeking out and connecting to G-d's order. This comes through humility - the opposite of arrogance. As we stand up on Seder night and say 'I do not understand' and begin to ask questions, we move closer to G-d's order than ever.

 

Tonight we let go of our manic need to impose or find order, and we glide effortlessly into G-d's order. We let ourselves be taken for a ride; we trust the driver. Just like when the Jews left Egypt and had absolutely no idea wher they were going.

 

 

 

 

 

 

קדש

Bringing it down

 

 

כִּי הַקִּדּוּשׁ הוּא בְּחִינַת מִקְרָא קֹדֶשׁ, דְּהַיְנוּ שֶׁקּוֹרִין אֶת הַקֹּדֶשׁ, דְּהַיְנוּ חָכְמָה וְדַעַת שֶׁהוּא הַחִיּוּת כַּנַּ"ל. וְעַל ־ יְדֵי זֶה נִתְקַדֵּשׁ הַיּוֹם וְעַל ־ כֵּן אֲזַי עַל ־ יְדֵי זֶה הַדַּעַת יְכוֹלִין לְגַלּוֹת הַהַסְתָּרָה

 

Kiddush is a reflection of 'calling to holiness' - meaning, wisdom and knowledge, which provide life-force. Through this act, the day is sanctified. And then we are able to reveal that which is hidden.

 

Through Kiddush, we call out to the holiness of the day, calling it toward us and into our sphere. Clearly, the day itself is so ripe with possibility. We know that, every year, the same power that released the Jews from Egypt is released into the world. It is available. But nothing comes for free. We need to call out to the holiness of the day, to ask it to come forward. This is done through the act of Kiddush

 

The words of kiddush remind us (and G-d) that we have been chosen for this act. We have been chosen to do these mitzvot, to call to G-d in this way. We have a special ability to use these tools to bring holiness into the world.

 

Through Kiddush, we express our enthusiastic desire to engage the awesome holiness of the day.

 

 

 

כרפס

or, rabbit food

 

 

וְזֶהוּ בְּחִינַת כַּרְפַּס שֶׁהוּא מִין יָרָק שֶׁאוֹכְלִים אָז שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת מֹחִין דְּקַטְנוּת, דְּהַיְנוּ שֶׁמְּרַמְּזִין אַף ־ עַל ־ פִּי שֶׁשָּׁתִינוּ כּוֹס רִאשׁוֹן עֲדַיִן לֹא זָכִינוּ לֶאֱכֹל הַמַּצָּה שֶׁהִוא מַאֲכַל מַלְאָכִים בְּחִינַת מָן, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה. רַק אָנוּ צְרִיכִין לִזְכֹּר תְּחִלָּה עֲנִיּוּתֵנוּ וְכוּ'. כִּי עַתָּה קֹדֶם מַתַּן תּוֹרָה קֹדֶם אִתְעָרוּתָא דִּלְתַתָּא אֲכִילָתֵנוּ בִּבְחִינַת מַאֲכַל בְּהֵמָה בְּחִינַת וְאָכַלְתָּ אֶת יֶרֶק הַשָּדֶה מֵחֲמַת שֶׁפָּגַם בַּאֲכִילַת עֵץ הַדַּעַת וְכוּ' וּכְמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁאָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ ־ בָּרוּךְ ־ הוּא לְאָדָם הָרִאשׁוֹן וְאָכַלְתָּ אֶת יֶרֶק הַשָּדֶה נִזְדַּעְזַע וְכוּ'. עַד שֶׁאָמַר לוֹ, בְּזֵעַת אַפֶּךָ תֹּאכַל לֶחֶם. שֶׁרָמַז לוֹ שֶׁעַל ־ יְדֵי יְגִיעוֹת וַעֲבוֹדוֹת שֶׁיִּתְיַגְּעוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּתוֹרָה וּמִצְווֹת יִזְכּוּ לַאֲכִילַת לֶחֶם שֶׁהוּא מַאֲכַל אָדָם

"And this explains karpas, a vegetable eaten at that time in the seder, which corresponds to small-mindedness. We (hopefully) get the hint that, even though we have drunk the first cup of wine (which is expansive), we still have not merited to eat the matzah, which is the food of the angels, manna , as our rabbis have said. We need to first remember our lowness - lit. poverty - for now, before the receiving of the Torah, before we are able to provide participation from our side (as pertains to our relationship to G-d, seeing as the redemption of Passover was an undeserved gift from G-d, since we had no merit at that time), our eating is still essentially animal eating, as it says in Genesis 'and you shall eat the vegetation of the field.' This was a punishment for having eaten from the tree of knowledge. As our rabbis have said, when the Holy One told Adam he would have to eat from the vegetation of the field, Adam started trembling, until G-d said, 'you may eat bread by the sweat of your brow' - meaning, through effort and work the Israelites would do in Torah and Mitzvot, they will merit to eat bread, which is the food of humankind."

 

We all aspire to be fully human. But bipeds with opposable thumbs do not a human make. In many ways we still act like animals - territoriality, selfishness, and competition are just some of the ways that side of us expresses itself. In order to become fully human, we must first recognize that we are still very much effected - or even controlled - by our animal tendencies.

 

Animals, for the most part, do not show a capacity to make choices. They will act predictably in certain situations, every time. Our own tendency toward thoughtless reaction is a statement of our animal nature.

 

If you put a steak in front of a dog, said 'don't eat it', and left, it would eat. But if you put a steak in front of a human and said 'don't eat it', there is a chance it will decide not to. When G-d told Adam not to eat from the tree, however, he couldn't resist. He reacted like an animal, so he was treated like an animal.

 

Maybe you're tired of acting like an animal? Then sweat! Hate it! Complain! Protest! Say no! Adam, despite his fall, refused to accept his punishment. He said, "G-d, I want to be human.' G-d said, 'Well, since you care, I'll give you the opportunity to redeem yourself.'

 

Sometimes we cannot fight an urge we have. But at least we can say, 'No! I want to be more than this!'

 

 

 

 

 

יחץ

breaking up

 

Stop thinking that you are whole! The more we try to 'hold it together' the deeper the internal rift.

 

Admit that you are not a monad, a one-thing, a one-opinion. Admit that you are complex. Send your internal CEO on vacation, so your diverse board of directors can have some say.

 

Notice that one part of you may be acting like Pharaoh over another part of you. Notice that there are parts of you that don't fit, are not convenient, are not PC, do not make people laugh, bring you shame, bring you deep hidden joy, are still only 6 years old, don't know how to express themselves, don't want to learn how to express themselves, are not 'cool', do not match. Break open the surface - the illusion of a unified front - so that you can become truly whole.

 

Admit that you are complex, so that you can become simple again.

 

 

 

 

מה נשתנה?

What's new?

 

What, ultimately, is the purpose of the seder? No, who.

 

Much of the seder – the second cup of wine, the eating of karpas before the eating of the matzah, the leaning when we eat – all are meant to stimulate questions. The answer is the central mitzvah of the seder: ‘and you shall tell to your children.’

 

What exactly is it that we are to tell? We are to tell not of the leaving of Egypt, but that we have left Egypt. ‘Every person must see himself as if he left Egypt.’ This is not a series of words. There is no script – one can only show that one has left by being out of Egypt. This is easier said than done. Just as THE four questions are not the only questions that should be asked, so, too, the answer given in the script is not the exhaustive answer.

 

Egypt is a mindset as well as a place. There are many ways to describe what it is like to be in Egypt, but one well known understanding is that da’at – intimate knowledge of one another – is in exile. We simply do not know each other. The Seder night gives us the most thoughtful and yet the most simple instructions as to how to get to know each other: ask. Learn about each other. From scratch.

 

We start with ridding ourselves of chometz . Chometz , to put it bluntly, is what we consider to be ‘how the world is’ but is actually an offshoot of our fears, desires, and limitations. If the mind were a city, chometz would be sprawl - an infinite series of unnecessary, annoying, intrusive strip malls that is preventing us from seeing the beautiful world around us.

 

This is expressed in the physical world in bread – though it may contain a certain amount of grams of flour and water, it is expanded and enlarged from that actual amount of substance. This is a reflection of how we approach the world – our minds weave what we see into stories, and we believe those stories as real.

 

What’s real is matzah . It’s appearance is exactly the amount of material - flour and water – that is in it, solidified with fire. On pesach, we would like to concern ourselves with what is, and not with what was, should have been, or should be.

 

The problem is, we do not know what is. All of our ‘knowledge’ of the situation is based on our own lens. The only way to get to what is, is to ask. And we ask – each of us – ‘mah nishtanah ? What is going on here? What are you guys doing.’ And the answer is, I am trying to 'who' you something. ‘What?’

 

No, wrong question. The question is ‘what?’ – what has changed between tonight and other nights? But the answer is mysterious in its evasion of the question: ‘we were slaves in Egypt…’

 

This is not the answer to a ‘what’ question! It is the transmission of a history of a people! It is a ‘who’! We are answering the question as if ‘who are we?’ had been asked.

 

But this is the answer to the question – ‘what’ this is is only meaningful in context of ‘who’ we are. Otherwise the answer is, ‘what do you think it is? It’s a bunch of people lounging around eating funny-looking bread, drinking more than they should, singing, and talking history.’ This is important because it is real to us, and it informs who we are as people. 'What' we do is a function of 'who' we are.

 

This Pesach, we will find ourselves among interesting people. Some of the relationships around the table are fraught with meaning, some of us will meet for the first time. Whatever the case, we cannot truly say that we know each other, until we start from scratch and take the time and love to find each other.

 

 

 

 

בלילות

The Persistence of Memory

 

 

 

לְהָאִיר בְּלֵב כָּל אֶחָד מִיִּשְֹרָאֵל שֶׁיִּזְכֹּר בְּחִינַת יְצִיאַת מִצְרַיִם בְּתוֹךְ תֹּקֶף חֶשְׁכַת לֵיל הַגָּלוּת הָאָרֹךְ הַזֶּה

To illuminate the heart of every Israelite, that s/ he will remember the leaving of Egypt within the very powerful night of this dark, long exile....

 

We must find ways to remind ourselves of the cycle that we are in. The world is constantly cycling through the pattern of tension and release. We struggle through narrow places, and we break through into wide places. And then we find ourselves back in narrow places. When we look back, inevitably, we see that passing through that narrow place was absolutely necessary, and that fighting through a challenge is an essential step.

 

But while we are in the midst of the challenge, we question the necessity, we question ourselves, we question G-d. Such is the nature of the forgetful mind.

 

Remembering that we left Egypt is to remember the paradigmatic emergence from hardship into deep joy. At the moment of leaving Egypt, a new pattern in the fabric of the world was rendered - there is always a way to emerge from darkness into light. Darkness and exile will always lead to light if we proceed faithfully.

 

Our task is to remember. And, for some reason, this is the hardest thing. The mitzvah to remember that we left Egypt is the string around our finger meant to remind us not to give up hope in seeing the light again.

 

 

 

 

 

4 Sons

 

כנגד ארבע בנים דברה תורה...

'The Torah speaks opposite four sons...'

 

אעשה לו עזר כנגדו...

'I will make him a helper opposite him...

 

The word 'k'neged' implies helpful opposition, or tension. Whatever your disposition, whether you are wise or wicked, simple or silent, the Torah will ruffle your feathers. It will always elude your grasp. It will never become a tool in your hand.

 

The Torah is here to challenge us and our assumptions. The wise son is told 'there is a limit to wisdom.' The wicked son is reminded that, though he thinks he understands, he does not. The simple son's question is not answered, prompting him to come out of his shell and articulate his questions. And the silent one is not allowed to escape the conversation - if he cannot ask, he will have to listen.

 

Were you expecting G-d to agree with you? Were you expecting the Torah to be like your mind? 'My thoughts are not your thoughts', says G-d. The project of Pesach and the seder is to help us become aware of a reality, an 'order', that is completely beyond us.

 

 

 

פסח

or, skipping town

 

The first Rebbe of Chabad writes beautifully of the concept of Pesach: The journey toward freedom is a process. We must attain certain skills and learn certain lessons. It takes time to make the impressions of the journey last - they must be integrated thoroughly into our personalities; we must remove or modify all internal or external impediments so that we will not regress.

 

And sometimes you just gotta jump on the bus, Gus. Make a new plan, Stan. Drop off the key, Lee. Set yourself free.

 

Sometimes the process itself of how we deal with our problems is what is flawed. Sometimes it is a problem with the hardware, and the virus will be transmitted if we run our problems through the same process. And then we have to not work through it in order to get it.

 

This is Pesach - which means, literally, to skip. On this day, we can jump over our problems and not look back. We can just stop the cycle. We can quit our addictions cold turkey, turn over a new leaf - a new tree, even.

 

 

 

מצה

or, the bread of faith

 

Every year, there is a process that begins at Pesach and ends at Shavuot. It starts with the birth of a people, as the Jews leave Egypt. It ends with the receiving of the Torah, and the sense of mission, meaning, and purpose that results.

 

Pesach is marked by the eating of copious amounts of Matzah - the unexpanded, or 'compressed' bread. It represents our capacity to embark on our mission without hesitation. 'Without letting the bread rise' is another way of saying 'before it even made any sense'.

 

Shavuot is marked by a unique offering - two loaves of fully leavened bread. Once we have received the Torah, and accepted upon ourselves the basic fundaments of faith that are explicit in the Torah - the ideas of G-d, Mitzvah, learning, humility, concern for the well-being of the world, etc - then we are encouraged to 'make sense'. Looking back, we notice that, without the Torah, leaving Egypt could not have made sense.

 

When we eliminate chometz from home and diet, we are not rejecting what already makes sense. We are not looking back on a year of chometz and criticizing it - since Shavuot, we have been eating 'approved' chometz. We are not so much eliminating chometz as choosing matzah. We are choosing next year's Matzah which will eventually become next year's chometz. We are going to a higher level.

 

We are always in a cycle of not-knowing and knowing. It always happens in that order. First we don't know - we ask, we wonder, we pray - and then we know. And then we realize that we do not know, and we ask and wonder and pray, and then we know.

 

This is the cycle of the four sons. First, he thinks he's smart, so he asks a clever question. But he doesn't like the answer, so he says 'what is this junk?' Then he realizes that maybe he didn't know so much to begin with, and he has to ask on a deeper level - 'what is this?' Then he realizes that he will need an entirely new approach in order to know more. he will have to ask his questions differently, but he does not know how, because he is still stuck in the old way, so he is silent. Then his father finally opens up and tells him everything. And then he thinks he's pretty clever, so he asks a clever question, and...

 

 

 

 

מרור

builds character

 

וְזֶהוּ בְּחִינַת פֶּסַח מַצָּה וּמָרוֹר שֶׁאוֹכְלִין אַחַר כָּךְ מַצָּה וּמָרוֹר, זֶה בְּחִינַת אֵשׁ וּמַיִם, חֶסֶד וּגְבוּרָה, יָד יָמִין וְיָד שְׂמֹאל, הִלֵּל וְשַׁמַּאי, בְּחִינַת מַחֲלֹקֶת לְשֵׁם שָׁמים

And this is how we understand Pesach Matzah and Marror - particularly Matzah and Marror that we eat, which are like fire and water, extension and restraint, the right hand and the left, Hillel and Shamai: disagreement for the sake of heaven.

 

 

Matzah and Marror represent the two opposite forces that are necessary for the perpetuation of life. If the relationship between them is out of balance, then life suffers.

 

When we eat Marror, we take upon ourselves the necessity of the hardships of life; we accept that, though we may not understand, it is important.

 

Marror is faith. Faith is a bitter pill. Faith requires that we see beyond our own feelings and instincts to a higher reality - to G-d's Order.

 

We have to learn not to run away from bitterness and challenge.

 

 

 

לשנה הבאה בירושלים

or, is my IRA transferable?

 

You have to say this like you mean it. You can't say 'next year in Jerusalem' but mean 'I am completely satisfied with my life the way it is.' It is a very deep prayer.

 

Try to realize that a world redeemed is better than your car(s), your job, your house with hot tub, your mountain home, your high-speed, and your stock portfolio.

 

Try to imagine leaving your job as custodian at the library, driving around in your 1983 Citroen Turbo deluxe with the muffler dragging against the road and pulling up to your converted shipping crate-turned-home, but knowing that Moshiach has come.

 

Remember, only 1 out of 5 Jews actually left Egypt. The other 4 out of 5 thought it would probably be better to stick around, because the public schools are better.

 

There is purpose beyond purpose.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

אז....

So, what do we do now?

 

 

Pesach is a journey, but not so much a journey toward as a journey away. The very essence of Pesach is trust - we do not know where we are going; we only know what we are leaving.

 

Essential to the impact of Pesach is the belief that where I am going is better than where I was. The challenge is that were I was was comfortable and familiar. It gave me what I thought I needed. And now I have to choose to leave that, going to a new place where I cannot say for certain that I will get what I need.

 

And many chose, and choose, to stay. The Midrash tells us that only one in five - or one in five hundred, according to others, actually left. The others felt it was easier to be on top of your game than to have to learn new skills. Easier to be certain than to trust.

 

With kids, there about 50 of us here tonight. That means, given that we are an average cross-section of the Jewish people, only 10 of us leave. Or, according to the one in five hundred rule, maybe one of us would leave.

 

It seems like all of us would like to think that we would be the ones to leave, but how do we know? Perhaps we are stuck like everyone else, and next year will be like last year, until the end of time.

 

Or, perhaps, we are all together because we all really want to leave. If that is so, we must give each other strong support. It is like a group of friends who choose to quit cigarettes. If they all choose, but one of them decides to smoke again, they will all eventually fall. If we are to leave, then we must leave together, and we may stay 'left' together. If one of us falls back into old habits, we are all in danger of falling.

 

This is our evening's task: Mitzrayim is our habitual outlook on the world. It keeps us stuck. And it ultimately keeps us isolated from each other, for our illusions about the world - replete with judgment of others and self, capacity to use others for personal gain, sense of self-importance, etc - keep us in our own private bubbles. Our task is to emerge from our isolation into the freedom of relationship with each other.

 

Thus, when the romance of the evening wears off, we will be left only with the impressions we have made on each other. We will not have to wonder whether anything happened, because our relationships will be different. Our world will be different tomorrow.